Effects of supported self-care on health behaviors of hypertensive patients during the pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/congresso.cbmev.7.2024.131Keywords:
self-care, COVID-19, lifesyle, hypertensionAbstract
Introduction: There are many efforts aimed at improving the quality of care for people with hypertension and encouraging lifestyle changes to reduce risk factors. However, what is perceived are ineffective and sometimes discreet results on the control of this disease. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effects of supported self-care on the health behaviors of people with Arterial Hypertension (AH), during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: randomized clinical trial developed with 78 hypertensive patients from the city of Cajazeiras - PB, in the period of 2020. The intervention protocol consisted of consultations guided by supported self-care, implemented through the 5 A's technique for the intervention group (IG). Three in-person consultations and three in the telemonitoring format were carried out, which lasted 6 months. The control group (CG) followed the usual monitoring of the family health team. Results: there were significant changes in physical activity, stress management, sodium intake, and dietary patterns (p <0.01) for the IG. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels also showed statistically significant improvements (p <0.01), with a disease control percentage reaching 80.0% (n = 32) compared to 50.0% (n = 20) in the initial phase. The CG did not have significant results in any of the behaviors evaluated, evolving with an increase in the percentage of uncontrolled BP and a significant increase in pulse pressure (p <0.01). Conclusions: the data presented are impactful when addressing the pandemic context experienced during the intervention period, where even with all the intervening factors related to isolation and social distancing, the IG obtained favorable clinical and behavioral results in most of the variables investigated. Thus, the study shows evidence that supported self-care contributed to the control of hypertensive disease and increased the number of participants who made lifestyle changes.
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