Revisão narrativa: a relação entre a saúde dos ecossistemas naturais e saúde humana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/congresso.cbmev.7.2024.123Palavras-chave:
saúde planetária, medicina do estilo de vida, Doenças Crônicas Não transmissíveis, aquecimento global, mudanças climáticasResumo
Introdução: As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) - responsáveis por 70% de todas as mortes no mundo - são desencadeadas pelo meio social, cultural e ambiental em que cada indivíduo está inserido. Nesse contexto, o conceito “Saúde Planetária” foi criado para destacar a interdependência da saúde dos ecossistemas naturais e saúde humana - de modo que tal termo seja defendido por muitos países como 7º pilar da Medicina do Estilo de Vida (MEV). Objetivos: Esclarecer o impacto provocado pelas mudanças na Saúde Planetária nos pilares da MEV e no desenvolvimento de DCNT. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa pela qual foi realizada a busca das seguintes palavras no PubMed: ‘Noncommunicable diseases’ AND ‘climate
change’; ‘lifestyle medicine’ AND ‘climate change; ‘lifestyle medicine’ AND ‘planetary health’. Os critérios de exclusão foram: estudos publicados há mais de 6 anos, artigos não escritos em inglês, artigos de opinião pessoal e estudos que não incluíssem MEV e/ou DCNT e Saúde Planetária no mesmo artigo. Resultados: Foram selecionados 38 artigos os quais evidenciaram que todos os pilares são impactados de alguma formas pelas mudanças na Saúde Planetária. A maior concentração de gás carbônico, por exemplo, além de impactar no “controle de tóxicos”, também impede uma diretriz alimentar adequada por provocar a redução na quantidade de proteínas em grãos. O ruído proveniente da poluição sonora piora a qualidade do sono e está relacionado com pesadelos. Para além da alimentação e sono, também ocorre uma queda na atividade física devido às altas temperaturas. Conclusão: O estudo conclui uma clara relação do impacto da Saúde Planetária em todos os pilares da MEV. Portanto, destaca-se uma necessidade de maior produção científica sobre quais mudanças de comportamento são necessárias para melhorar a saúde planetária. De modo a orientar pacientes e profissionais de saúde a respeito do tema a fim de diminuir o desenvolvimento de DCNT.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Rafaela Veloci, Rodrigo Ernst, Mariana Fonseca de Lucena Miranda, Nancy Huang
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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