Autismo, embarazo y estilo de vida: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/BJLM.2024.v3.89Palabras clave:
Trastorno del Espectro Autista, Embarazo, Estilo de Vida, TEAResumen
La Medicina del Estilo de Vida (MEV) es un campo de estudio que engloba seis pilares fundamentales: sueño, nutrición, actividad física, consumo de sustancias, manejo del estrés y relaciones interpersonales. Investigaciones recientes han señalado una relación importante entre MEV y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Estas conexiones cobran aún más relevancia en el contexto del desarrollo fetal, un período de alta susceptibilidad a agentes ambientales y metabólicos nocivos, que pueden contribuir al desarrollo de trastornos del neurodesarrollo, como el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre Estilo de Vida, TEA y embarazo, e identificar las características del enfoque SEM en la literatura científica actual. Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura de artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2022, seleccionados de las bases de datos bibliográficas PubMed, Scielo, Medline y LILACS. Se seleccionaron un total de 12 artículos. Se observó que se abordó la relación entre TEA y estilo de vida materno, con importante influencia en el desenlace de la descendencia. Los estudios analizados señalan que los principales contribuyentes a esta relación son las dietas ricas en grasas y pobres en micronutrientes, el sedentarismo y la exposición a contaminantes y al tabaco, agentes que afectan significativamente a diferentes etapas del desarrollo neurológico. Los datos obtenidos apuntaron a una relación importante entre factores dietéticos, actividades físicas y exposición a sustancias nocivas y el desarrollo de TEA, sin embargo los estudios no abordan en su totalidad los pilares del SEM, por lo que es necesario realizar nuevos trabajos con mayor rigor metodológico para la adecuada inferencia de estos resultados.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Júlia Figueirêdo de Almeida Novaes, Gabriela Farias Carreiro, Ana karolina Franco da Mota Dias, Maira Katarine Franco da Mota, Stella Beate Brunner Souza, Tatiana Marins Farias
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Brazilian Journal of Lifestyle Medicine = Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Estilo de Vida permite que o(s) autor(es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais.
