Estilo de vida e transtornos de ansiedade: BDNF, possível biomarcador?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/BJLM.2023.v2.69Palavras-chave:
BDNF, ansiedade, transtorno de ansiedade, fator neurotrófico derivado do encéfalo, neurobiologia, estilo de vida, revisãoResumo
Introdução: Os transtornos de ansiedade (TA) são distúrbios cerebrais relacionados aos circuitos de neurotransmissores e alterações neuroanatômicas que podem ser agravados pelo estilo de vida não saudável. Por sua vez, o fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF), uma neurotrofina responsável pela plasticidade cerebral, está relacionado à alteração do volume em algumas estruturas cerebrais e pode ser explicado por alguns fatores do estilo de vida. Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre BDNF e TA e descrever possíveis prejuízos às funções psíquicas em indivíduos com esses transtornos. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2018, selecionados nas bases de dados bibliográficas PubMed, SciElo e LILACS. Resultados: No total, foram selecionados 28 artigos de estudos realizados com humanos e animais. Observou-se que a relação entre níveis de BDNF e TA foi abordada, mostrando que a hipótese neurotrófica poderia contribuir para a fisiopatologia das TAs, incluindo alterações volumétricas em regiões do cérebro, compreendendo funções psíquicas. Além disso, estudos demonstraram que os níveis de BDNF podem refletir o efeito de antidepressivos ou terapia de neuromodulação, e que a exposição a fatores estressantes pode estar relacionada a indivíduos com essa variante genética serem mais vulneráveis ao desenvolvimento de TA. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos nesta pesquisa apontaram para uma relação inversa entre os níveis de BDNF e TA, e para a contribuição da hipótese neurotrófica para a neurobiologia desses distúrbios, incluindo danos às funções psíquicas. Considerando que outros estudos não mostram essa relação, novos estudos precisam ser realizados para validar uma possível associação.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Tatiana Marins Farias, Sílvia Fernanda Lima de Moura Cal, Rebeca Ataide de Cerqueira, Ana Carolina Tavares Lopes, Danton Ferraz de Sousa, João Vitor Costa Freire, Ana Julia Bernardo
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