Evaluation of glycemic management of users with diabetes in a health and well-being application

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and its treatment requires self-care and lifestyle changes. As a result, people seek accessible solutions, such as health apps that provide professional support, health education and self-management guidance. Objective: Analyze the relationship between sociodemographic profiles and the glycemic management of individuals with diabetes using a wellbeing health app. Methodology: User follow-up lasted six months and included two consultations with nurses,  one medical consultation after lab tests and three consultations with nutritionists. Protocols were based on lifestyle medicine pillars. Participants had access to educational materials, chats with professionals and a digital community. Data collection occurred during the nurse's anamnesis. A descriptive analysis of the data and a correlation matrix were performed. The study was approved by the USP Research Ethics Committee (6.690.907). Participants signed a digital informed consent form. Results: 124 users participated in the study, with 68.5% female, 34% aged between 46 and 59 and 61% from the Southeast region of Brazil.  All had at least one appointment with the nurse, but only 39% consulted with the doctor and 29% consulted with the nutritionist. The majority did not undergo the lab tests (61%). It was observed that most users with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level within the target never or rarely measured their blood glucose (54.5%). Another relevant finding was that 57% of those with HbA1c within target, regularly engaged in physical activity, demonstrating a relationship between exercise and glycemic management. Additionally, it was seen that most users with HbA1c (75%) and total cholesterol (79%) within targets used private healthcare, suggesting a connection between healthcare access and improved clinical outcomes. Conclusion: The use of a health app based on lifestyle medicine practices supports glycemic management. However, engaging people with chronic conditions in a digital health journey remains a significant challenge.